Hypothyroidism and infertility: Is there a connection?

Yes, there is an association between underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) and infertility in women. Low levels of thyroid hormone can interfere with ovulation, which impairs fertility. In addition, some of the underlying causes of hypothyroidism — such as certain autoimmune or pituitary disorders — also impair fertility.

Treating hypothyroidism is an important part of any effort to correct infertility. Although hypothyroidism may cause infertility, treatment of hypothyroidism with thyroid hormone replacement therapy may not fully restore fertility. Other interventions may be needed to treat infertility even after hypothyroidism is treated.

If you have hypothyroidism and become pregnant, tell your doctor promptly. Close monitoring of your thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy is important. Low levels of thyroid hormone may impair normal fetal development and increase the risk of miscarriage.