Alcohol allergy: Is there such a thing?

Alcohol can cause a variety of immediate adverse effects on the body. Studies show that some people are more sensitive to these effects than others are — although this doesn't mean that they have an alcohol allergy. A true allergic reaction involves the immune system.

Alcohol can cause headache, rapid heartbeat and nausea. Some people are especially sensitive to the stomach-irritating effects of alcohol and may develop heartburn, abdominal pain and even vomiting. Alcohol can also increase blood flow to parts of the body, such as the skin and the lining of the nose. This may result in warm, red, sometimes itchy skin, as well as nasal congestion. Rarely, a person may have sensitivity to the preservatives used in some wines and beers.

Many people of Asian descent experience an unusual flushing reaction after drinking alcohol — even in very small amounts. This is caused by a genetic disorder in which the body is unable to break down alcohol completely. Some research suggests that people who experience alcohol flush reaction may be at increased risk of alcohol-related conditions, such as cancer of the esophagus and liver disease.

The only solution to all of these problems is to avoid alcohol.